Septic tanks are mostly used where there is no sewerage network system. That’s one of the main reasons they’ve become a functional solution for houses and companies. You might’ve noticed that several people started replacing the sewerage system with septic systems lately.
The drainage system is a significant aspect that affects the value of a property. Whether it’s a residential or commercial establishment.
If you’re thinking about getting a house with a septic system or changing your current system to a septic one, you need to be aware of all related aspects. It’s essential to understand how the septic system works, and just as important to know the pros and cons of the septic tank.
What Is a Septic System?
The septic system is a method of waste removal that consists of a large tank placed underground somewhere near the property. This tank can hold up to 4000 liters. However, the size of the tank depends on the size of the place and the number of people occupying it.
The wastewater is any water coming from the bathroom or kitchen. This includes toilets, sinks, showers, washing machines, and dishwashers.
This is how the septic system works:
- This water goes to the tanks through the sewer pipes.
- Then it gets treated through bacteria.
- The solid waste (sludge) settles in the bottom of the tank.
- It gets digested by the anaerobic bacteria in the tank.
- Whatever grease or oil in the water floats to make a scum layer.
- In a second compartment, another process takes place.
- The water, without the sludge or the scum, exits the tank into a large drain field.
- The waste left in the tank is later pumped out when maintained.
Pros and Cons of Septic Tanks
Installing a septic tank in a property comes with some perks and downsides. Here we gathered the main pros and cons of septic tanks.
Pros of Septic Tanks
There are many advantages that make septic tanks trendy and popular among property owners. These advantages are enough for some to switch from a sewerage drainage system to a septic one.
Cost
Septic tanks are cheaper than installing a regular sewer system. Users don’t get to pay monthly fees for the drainage system run by the local government. They only pay for maintenance when required.
Durability
Concrete septic tanks are durable and long-lasting which is very suitable for large families and huge establishments. With good maintenance, the tank will last for many years ahead.
Independency
Unlike a general sewer system managed by the local authorities, the septic system should be managed independently by the owners. The drainage system will be affected only by the occupants’ usage.
Environment-Friendly
The septic system is environment-friendly, as it gives the soil recycled water which enhances plant life in the surrounded area.
Septic systems have fewer disposal issues than the sewer system. The sewer system is likely to contaminate groundwater in case of leaking. While the septic system will only affect the surrounding area of the property under similar circumstances.
Longevity
Septic tanks are likely to last for a very long time if maintained properly. Therefore, understanding proper usage is crucial. What goes down the sinks and the water-usage habits affect the longevity of the septic tank.
Variety of Sizes and Materials
Septic tanks come in various sizes and materials such as:
- Concrete
- Cast concrete
- Polyethylene
- Fiberglass
- Steel
The different materials offer many choices depending on individual needs. Plastic tanks installation is easy and relatively cheaper. Fiberglass tanks are corrosion-resistant and endure temperature changes.
Cons of Septic Tanks
The procedures and details related to procuring, installing and using a septic tank can be overwhelming for some people. Here are some of the reasons.
Tank Location
Installing a septic tank requires a lot of space. The tank should be away from the property and also have enough space for the drain field.
The septic tank needs to be built properly to be efficient and sanitary. Planting any kind of trees or shoveling near the drain field can rupture the pipes. Also, users shouldn’t park cars on the ground of the drain field.
Tank Type
Though septic tanks come in various types and materials, some of these materials have specific downsides. For example, the installation process of a heavy concrete septic tank is complex and requires heavy equipment.
However, poor-quality concrete tanks may break or crack over time, while steel tanks are prone to rust. Lightweight tanks may be effected by above-ground pressure. In times of heavy precipitation, storms or earthquakes, a weak septic tank can damage and leak.
Water-usage Habits
Water usage habits should be adjusted when using a septic tank to avoid putting a burden on the tank and pipes. Water overload in the septic system will lead the solids to enter the drain field causing contamination.
It is very important to understand the functioning and requirements of septic tanks. It is also crucial to use the help of professionals before setting up the tank. They shall carefully measure its size and the area needed for the tank and the drain field.
Careful Drain Usage
Users have to take good care of what is flushed down the toilet and sinks. Things like cotton balls, paper towels, cooking grease, oil, or bones will badly affect the septic tank by clogging the pipes.
The bacteria inside the tank shouldn’t be exposed to large amounts of household chemicals or toxic material. Flushing detergents, bleaches or insecticides down the pipes shall damage the bacteria and make the tank ineffective. Ignoring this will force users to pump the tank, very often costing a lot of money.
Periodic Maintenance
When septic tanks aren’t maintained properly and periodically, they leak the sludge and scum within into the drain field causing contamination. Neglecting maintenance will also decrease the life of the tank.
Final Thoughts
The septic tank is a wastewater treatment solution that depends on many factors. It’s best to gather sufficient information and plan well ahead of making a decision. Also, each drainage system comes with pro points and downsides. These should also be considered carefully.